In this sentence

①the appeal of sth / sth's appealn.吸引力；感染力

Synonymsattraction, charm, allure

句中“against its appeal”里的 appeal 用作名词，指《Dota 2》这款游戏对玩家的“吸引力”。

• The appeal of the past is the appeal of the imagination.过去的魅力，正在于想象力的魅力。— George Santayana

②appeal to sbv.对某人有吸引力；引起某人兴趣

Synonymsattract, interest, fascinate

• Things which appeal to the senses will never lack followers.迎合感官之物，从不缺少追随者。

③appeal to sb for sth / to do sthv.呼吁；恳求

Synonymsplead, beg, call on

• I appeal to you for unity, for without it we cannot achieve anything of lasting value.我恳请大家团结一致，因为没有团结，我们便无法取得任何具有持久价值的成果。

④appeal against sthv.上诉；申诉

Synonymschallenge, contest

• To appeal against a wrongful judgment is not merely a legal right, but a duty to truth.对不公的判决提出申诉，不仅是一项法定权利，更是一份对真理的责任。

①a Communistn.共产党员；共产主义者

SynonymsMarxist, socialist, red

• How do you tell a communist? Well, it's someone who reads Marx and Lenin. And how do you tell an anti-communist? It's someone who understands Marx and Lenin.你怎么识别共产主义者？那是读过马克思和列宁的人。那你怎么识别反共主义者？那是读懂了马克思和列宁的人。— Ronald Reagan

②communist state / system / partyadj.共产主义的；共产党的

SynonymsMarxist, socialist, collectivist

• The communist system failed because it forgot that human beings are not cogs in a machine, but souls seeking dignity and freedom.共产主义体制的失败，是因为它忘记了人不是机器上的齿轮，而是追求尊严与自由的灵魂。

In this sentence

①go to court / head to courtn.法庭；法院

Synonymstribunal, court of law, bench

句中“head to court”为固定表达，意为“出庭”或“走向法庭打官司”，因此这里的 court 指的是处理法律纠纷的司法法庭。

• Conscience is God's presence in man; the court of equity in every breast.良心是上帝在人间的居所，是存在于每个人心中的衡平法院。— Emanuel Swedenborg

②tennis / basketball courtn.（网球、篮球等）球场

Synonymspitch, field, arena

• The basketball court for me has been everything; it's been my therapy, it's been my playground.对我而言，篮球场就是一切；它是我的疗愈之所，也是我的游乐场。— Kobe Bryant

③court sb / court sthv.追求（某人）；招致（危险或灾难）

Synonymswoo, pursue, invite, provoke

• To court disaster is the privilege of those who have no sense of reality.自招灾难，是那些脱离现实之人所特有的行径。

①a democratic country / society / systemadj.民主政体的；民主制度的

Synonymsrepresentative, constitutional, self-governing

• Democracy is not a spectator sport, it's a participatory event. If we don't participate in our democratic society, it ceases to exist.民主不是旁观者的运动，而是一场全民参与的盛事。如果我们不参与到民主社会中，它便不复存在。— Michael Moore

②a democratic process / decision / voteadj.民主的；按民主原则的

Synonymsparticipatory, popular, consensual

• The ballot is stronger than the bullet in a fair democratic process.在公平的民主进程中，选票比子弹更有力量。

③be democratic in sthadj.平等的；有大众平民风格的

Synonymsegalitarian, open, accessible

• A great leader is democratic in spirit, listening to the humblest voice as attentively as the proudest.伟大的领导者在精神上是平等的，倾听最卑微者的声音如同倾听最骄傲者的声音一般专注。

In this sentence

①federal + sthadj.联邦政府的；国家层面的

Synonymsnational, central, governmental

句中 federal 修饰 workers，表示由国家/联邦政府雇佣的公务人员，与州（state）或地方（local）政府雇员相对。

• The federal government did not create the states; the states created the federal government.联邦政府并未创造各州；而是各州创造了联邦政府。— Ronald Reagan

②federal system / stateadj.联邦制的；联合组成的

Synonymsfederated, confederate

• In a federal system, local autonomy and central authority must find their perpetual balance.在联邦体制中，地方自治与中央权力必须寻得持久的平衡。

①feudal system / societyadj.封建制度的；封建时代的

Synonymsmedieval, manorial

• The hand-mill gives you society with the feudal lord; the steam-mill, society with the industrial capitalist.手推磨产生的是封建领主为首的社会，蒸汽磨产生的是工业资本家为首的社会。— Karl Marx

②feudal attitudes / ideasadj.封建落后的；因循守旧的

Synonymsarchaic, antiquated, backward

• No modern mind can flourish when bound to feudal notions of hierarchy and obedience.当现代思想被束缚于等级与顺从的守旧观念中时，便无法真正繁荣。

①investigate sthv.调查（犯罪、事故或问题）

Synonymslook into, probe, examine, inquire into

• It is not the answer that enlightens, but the wish to resolve the question, the desire to investigate the problem.启迪人心的不是答案，而是解决疑问的愿望，探究问题的渴望。

②investigate sbv.调查某人（涉嫌违法或违规）

Synonymsscrutinize, probe

• Before you condemn a man, you must investigate him with fairness and an open heart.在谴责一个人之前，你必须以公正和坦诚的心态去调查他。

③investigate whether / how / why...v.研究，探究（科学或事实真相）

Synonymsexplore, research, study

• The aim of science is not to open the door to infinite wisdom, but to set a limit to infinite error and investigate how nature works.科学的目的不在于开启无限智慧的大门，而在于遏制无限的错误并探究自然是如何运转的。

①an investigation into sthn.对……的调查；对……的审查

Synonymsinquiry, probe, examination

• Equally with errors in logic, the refusal to make an investigation into nature has closed our eyes.拒绝去探索自然与逻辑错误一样，都会蒙蔽我们的双眼。— William Wollaston

②under investigationn.正在接受调查；处于审查中

Synonymsunder scrutiny, under review

• True wisdom begins when our own cherished beliefs are put under investigation.当开始审视自己深信不疑的观念时，真正的智慧便诞生了。

③on / upon investigationn.经调查；经查证

Synonymsupon inspection, on closer examination

• Every natural fact is a symbol of some spiritual fact, which reveals itself upon investigation.一切自然事实皆是精神真实的象征，经由探索便会显现其真谛。

①investigator looks into / probes sthn.调查员；侦查员

Synonymsdetective, examiner, in标签quirer, inspector

• The investigator who does not doubt will learn little.不懂得质疑的调查者，难有所获。

②principal / lead investigatorn.科研项目负责人；主研人员

Synonymsresearcher, scientist, analyst

• A principal investigator steers the vessel of discovery, but truth itself is the only destination.项目负责人掌控着探索之船的航向，而真理本身是唯一的终点。

In this sentence

①investment in sthn.投资；投入（资金）

Synonymscapital outlay, funding, venture

原句中用的是其动词形式 invest（I will invest it personally），名词 investment 表示由此产生的‘投资活动’或‘投入的资本’，指将资金投入某个项目以期获得回报。

• An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.对知识的投资回报最高。— Benjamin Franklin

②investment of sth (time / effort / energy) in sthn.（时间、精力等的）投入

Synonymsinput, commitment, devotion

• Success requires an investment of time, patience, and effort.成功需要时间、耐心与精力的投入。

③a good / bad investmentn.合算的买卖；有价值的投入

Synonymsasset, bargain

• The best investment is in the tools of one's own trade.最好的投资莫过于投资自己赖以谋生的工具与本领。— Benjamin Franklin

In this sentence

①an investor (in sth)n.投资者；出资人

Synonymsbacker, financier, funder, stakeholder

虽然用户提供的原句中使用的是动词形式 invest，但查询的目标词为名词 investor，指投入资金以期获得回报的人或机构。句子背景即在谈论投资事务与投资者关系。

• The individual investor should act consistently as an investor and not as a speculator.个人投资者应始终如一地扮演投资者的角色，而不是投机者。— Benjamin Graham

②retail / institutional investorn.（金融市场上的）散户 / 机构投资者

Synonymsshareholder, stockholder

• The stock market is a device to transfer money from the impatient retail investor to the patient institutional investor.股市是一种将金钱从缺乏耐心的散户转移到富有耐心的机构投资者的工具。

In this sentence

①judge sb / sth by (or from) sthv.根据……来评价、衡量或判断

Synonymsevaluate, assess, rate, appraise

原句中为“Judge me by my losers”，使用了典型的“judge sb by sth”结构，意为“根据我的失败案例来评判/衡量我”。

• Never judge a book by its cover.永远不要以貌取人（切莫以书皮评判一本书）。— Proverb

②judge that / wh-clausev.认为；推断

Synonymsdeem, conclude, reckon

• We judge that what is impossible for us is impossible for anyone else.我们往往推断，对自己不可能的事，对其他人也是不可能的。

③judge sb / sthv.审判；裁判

Synonymsadjudicate, referee, try

• Judge not, that ye be not judged.你们不要论断人，免得你们被论断。— The Bible

④a judgen.法官；裁判；鉴赏家

Synonymsmagistrate, arbiter, referee

• A good judge conceives quickly, judges slowly.优秀的法官领会得快，下判决却慢。— Seneca

In this sentence

①judgment of / on sb/sthn.评价；判断

Synonymsevaluation, assessment, opinion

原句中使用了动词形式 Judge me（评价我），名词 judgment 在此对应的即是“对某人的评价或评判”这一核心用法。

• You cannot change what you are, only what you do. The judgment of history will be based on that.你无法改变自己的本质，只能改变自己的行为。历史的评判将以此为依据。— Philip Pullman

②pass judgment on sb/sthn.对……品头论足；作出评判

Synonymscriticize, judge, condemn

• It is not our place to pass judgment on their lifestyle.我们没有资格对他们的生活方式指指点点。

③good / poor judgmentn.判断力；见识

Synonymsdiscernment, wisdom, sense

• Good judgment comes from experience, and experience comes from bad judgment.良好的判断力来自经验，而经验往往来自糟糕的判断。— Rita Mae Brown

④judgment against / in favor of sbn.判决；裁决

Synonymsverdict, ruling, decree

• Delay of justice is injustice, and a judgment against the innocent is the destruction of law.正义的迟到就是不公，对无辜者的有罪裁决则是对法律的摧毁。

①judicial system / process / reviewadj.司法的；审判的

Synonymslegal, judiciary, juridical

• The government's decision is now subject to judicial review.政府的这项决定现须接受司法审查。

②a judicial mind / attitudeadj.公正的；判断明断的

Synonymsimpartial, critical, discriminating

• A judicial mind does not rush to conclusions, but weighs the truth with calm discernment.明断公正的心智不急于下定论，而是以沉稳的洞察力权衡真理。

In this sentence

①justice is served / do justicen.正义；公平正道

Synonymsfairness, equity, righteousness

句中 true justice was served 为固定搭配 justice is served（正义得到伸张/维护），指司法审判中公平正义的实现。

• Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.任何地方的不公，都是对所有地方正义的威胁。— Martin Luther King Jr.

②the justice system / administration of justicen.司法制度；法律制裁

Synonymsjudiciary, law, legal system

• Justice delayed is justice denied.迟到的正义即非正义。— William E. Gladstone

③do sth/sb justicen.恰当展现；如实呈现

Synonymsdo credit to, represent fairly

• Words can never do full justice to the quiet beauty of a kind deed.言语永远无法完全如实展现善行那份沉静之美。

④Justice + 姓名n.法官；大法官

Synonymsjudge, magistrate

• Justice Holmes once observed that taxes are what we pay for civilized society.霍姆斯大法官曾指出，税收是我们为文明社会所付出的代价。

In this sentence

①justify sth / doing sthv.证明……是正当的；为……辩护

Synonymsdefend, vindicate, legitimize, rationalize

虽然原句中未直接出现 justify，而是使用了其同根词 judge、judgment 和 justice，但学习者在此语境下联想学习该词。其核心含义正是与 justice（正义、公正）同源的“证明某事是正当合法的”这一最基础用法。

• The end may justify the means as long as there is something that justifies the end.只要目的本身是正当的，手段就可以被证明是正当的。— Leon Trotsky

②justify sb/yourselfv.为某人/自己辩解；证明……无可指责

Synonymsexonerate, defend, excuse

• Never explain; your friends don't need it and an enemy will never believe you anyway. You cannot justify yourself to prejudice.永远不要去解释；朋友不需要，而敌人无论如何都不会相信。你无法向偏见证明自己的无可指责。

③justify a margin / textv.（排版）两端对齐

Synonymsalign

• Justify text not merely for symmetry on paper, but to bring order and calm to the reader's mind.将文字两端对齐不仅是为了版面的对称，更是为了给读者的内心带来秩序与平静。

①legislative + n. (body / assembly / process / branch)adj.立法的；法律制定的

Synonymslawmaking, statutory, parliamentary

• In republican government, the legislative authority necessarily predominates.在共和政体中，立法权必然处于支配地位。— James Madison

②the legislativen.立法机构；立法权

Synonymslegislature, parliament, congress

• The legislative cannot transfer the power of making laws to any other hands.立法机构不能把制定法律的权力转让给任何其他人。— John Locke

In this sentence

①Republican sth / sbadj.（美国）共和党的

Synonymsconservative, GOP

本句中首字母大写（Republican president），修饰名词 president，特指美国共和党籍的总统，因此专指“共和党的”。

• I did not leave the Republican Party; the Republican Party left me.我没有背弃共和党，是共和党背弃了我。— Ronald Reagan

②a Republicann.（美国）共和党人；共和党支持者

SynonymsGOP member

• I am not a politician; I am just a Republican.我不是政客，我只是一名共和党人。— Will Rogers

③republican sthadj.共和国的；共和政体的

Synonymsdemocratic, constitutional

• A republican government is that in which the body, or only a part of the people, is possessed of the supreme power.共和政体是全体人民或仅仅一部分人民握有最高权力的政体。— Montesquieu