①sth is ambiguousadj.模棱两可的；有多种解释的

Synonymsequivocal, open to interpretation, double-edged

• Words are ambiguous, and the world is wide; let us be careful what words we share with each other.语言含义丰富而模棱两可，世界如此广阔；让我们谨慎对待彼此分享的言语。

②an ambiguous attitude / positionadj.不明确的；暧昧不清的

Synonymsvague, unclear, obscure

• An ambiguous position may seem safe today, but history respects only those who dare to stand firm.暧昧不清的立场在当下或许看似安全，但历史只尊重那些敢于坚定立场的人。

In this sentence

①sb's ambitionn.雄心；野心

Synonymsdrive, aspiration, determination

句中 his ambition 表示“他的雄心/抱负”，作不可数或抽象名词使用，指追求成功、权力的内在强烈愿望与抱负。

• Keep away from people who try to belittle your ambitions.远离那些企图贬低你雄心壮志的人。— Mark Twain

②ambition to do sthn.追求……的抱负；宏愿

Synonymsgoal, dream, aim

• My ambition to succeed is not greater than my desire to be happy.我渴望成功的野心，绝不会大过我对幸福的追求。

In this sentence

①cautionn.谨慎；小心

Synonymscarefulness, prudence, wariness

在本句中，caution 作不可数名词，充当 let 的宾语（即“让谨慎破坏了…”），指因为害怕失败而产生的过度小心、谨小慎微的心态。

• Caution is the parent of safety.小心是安全之母。— Benjamin Franklin

②caution sb against sth / doing sthv.告诫；警告

Synonymswarn, advise, admonish

• History cautions us against assuming that economic growth alone guarantees peace and stability.历史告诫我们，不要想当然地认为经济增长本身就能确保和平与稳定。

③throw caution to the wind(s)短语不顾一切；孤注一掷

Synonymstake a risk, dare

• To achieve what others will not, you must dare to throw caution to the wind.要实现他人所未能，有时你必须敢于不顾一切。

①construct sthv.建造；构建（建筑或物体）

Synonymsbuild, erect, assemble

• We construct the building, but afterward, the building constructs us.我们建造了建筑，但此后，建筑也塑造了我们。— Winston Churchill

②construct sth (from/out of sth)v.构思；创立（理论、体系、句子等）

Synonymsformulate, develop, create

• It is much easier to tear down a philosophy than to construct a new one.推翻一种哲学要比构建一种新哲学容易得多。

③social / theoretical constructn.概念；构想（理论或心理层面的）

Synonymsconcept, notion, idea

• Time is a social construct, but the sunset belongs to nature.时间是一种社会构想，但日落却属于自然。

In this sentence

①damage sthv.损害，破坏（抽象或具体事物）

Synonymsharm, ruin, impair, spoil

句中紧跟在使役动词 let 的宾语 caution 之后作不带 to 的不定式（即 let sth do sth 结构），表示过度谨慎会“侵蚀、破坏”雄心的架构，属于及物动词用法。

• Anger is an acid that can do more harm to the vessel in which it is stored than to anything on which it is poured, and it damages the soul.愤怒犹如酸液，对盛放它的容器造成的伤害，远甚于其倾注的任何事物；它损害的是人的灵魂。

②cause / do damage to sthn.破坏，损失，损害

Synonymsharm, destruction, injury

• The only thing that can do damage to a man is himself.唯一能对人造成伤害的，只有他自己。— Saint John Chrysostom

③pay / claim damagesn.（法律上的）损害赔偿金

Synonymscompensation, reparation, indemnity

• Money can pay damages for a broken contract, but it cannot restore a broken trust.金钱可以赔偿违约的损失，却无法修复破裂的信任。

①demolish sthv.拆毁，拆除（建筑物等）

Synonymstear down, knock down, flatten, dismantle

• Any fool can demolish a house; it takes a craftsman to build one.任何傻瓜都能拆毁一座房屋，但只有能工巧匠才能建造它。

②demolish sthv.推翻，驳倒（观点、论点等）

Synonymsdisprove, refute, undermine, destroy

• It is much easier to demolish an argument than to construct one of greater truth.驳倒一个论点，远比构建一个更具真理性的论点要容易得多。

③demolish sthv.狼吞虎咽地吃光

Synonymsdevour, consume, polish off

• When hunger arrives, we demolish our feast with haste, forgetting that patience is the true seasoning of life.饥饿来临时，我们匆匆吃光眼前的盛宴，却忘了耐心才是生活真正的调味剂。

①destroy sthv.摧毁；破坏（物理实体）

Synonymsdemolish, ruin, wreck, devastate

• Any fool can destroy trees; they cannot defend themselves, nor can they run away.任何傻瓜都能摧毁树木，因为树木既不能保护自己，也无法逃跑。— John Muir

②destroy sthv.破灭；毁掉（希望、名誉、计划等抽象事物）

Synonymsruin, shatter, spoil

• It takes many good deeds to build a good reputation, and only one bad one to destroy it.树立良好声誉需要许多善举，而毁掉它只需一件恶行。— Benjamin Franklin

③destroy sbv.彻底击溃；击败（对手）

Synonymscrush, defeat, annihilate

• Do I not destroy my enemies when I make them my friends?当我化敌为友时，难道不是彻底消灭了敌人吗？— Abraham Lincoln

④destroy sth (an animal)v.扑杀；安乐死（受伤或生病的动物）

Synonymsput down, euthanize

• Sometimes mercy requires us to destroy a suffering animal, teaching us that true compassion can be painful.有时仁慈需要我们扑杀受苦的动物，这教会我们真正的怜悯往往伴随着痛苦。

①self-destructv.自毁；自行毁灭

Synonymsperish, implode, ruin oneself

• The device was programmed to self-destruct if tampered with.该装置被设定为一旦被触动便会自动销毁。

②destruct sthv.有意摧毁；故意破坏

Synonymsdestroy, demolish, wreck

• We must not destruct what we lack the wisdom to rebuild.我们绝不可摧毁那些我们缺乏智慧去重建的事物。

①the destruction of sthn.破坏；摧毁

Synonymsruin, devastation, demolition

• Every act of creation is first an act of destruction.每一次创造首先都是一次破坏。— Pablo Picasso

②lead to sb's/sth's destructionn.毁灭；败亡

Synonymsdownfall, ruination, collapse

• Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall.骄傲在败坏以先；狂心在跌倒之前。— Proverbs 16:18

③weapons of mass destructionn.杀伤；消灭

Synonymsannihilation, extermination, obliteration

• Uncontrolled anger and hatred are the real weapons of mass destruction.失控的愤怒和仇恨才是真正的大规模杀伤性武器。

①a natural / environmental disastern.灾难；天灾

Synonymscatastrophe, calamity, tragedy

• Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man's neglect of it invites natural disaster.大自然不是庙宇，而是工坊；人类对其漠视，必将招致自然灾害。

②sth is a complete / total disastern.彻底失败；糟糕透顶的事

Synonymsfiasco, failure, flop

• Success is stumbling from failure to failure with no loss of enthusiasm, even when one attempt is a total disaster.成功就是在跌跌撞撞的失败中前行却不丧失热情，哪怕其中某次尝试是彻底的失败。

③a recipe for disastern.后患无穷的做法；注定导致灾祸的因素

Synonymsinvitation to trouble, path to ruin

• Ignorance and arrogance, when combined, are a sure recipe for disaster.无知与傲慢一旦结合，注定会招致祸患。

①distill sth (into sth)v.提取；提炼（要点、思想等）

Synonymsextract, condense, summarize, abstract

• Poetry is the attempt to condense, or to distill, the purest emotion and thought into speech.诗歌是试图将最纯粹的情感与思想浓缩或提炼成语言。— Christopher Morley

②distill sth (from sth)v.蒸馏（液体）；用蒸馏法制作（酒等）

Synonymspurify, refine, brew

• Wisdom is like pure water distilled from the heat of life's struggles.智慧犹如在生活抗争的炙烤中蒸馏出的纯水。

In this sentence

①distillation of sth / distillation attackn.提取；精华；（机器学习中的）知识蒸馏

Synonymsessence, extraction, condensation

在本句中用于人工智能与网络安全语境。distillation源自模型压缩技术knowledge distillation（知识蒸馏），指攻击者通过向受保护的大模型反复查询并窃取其知识来训练影子模型，故distillation attacks指“模型蒸馏攻击”。

• Poetry is the distillation of life's deepest truths.诗歌是生命中最深刻真理的萃取与升华。

②distillation of sthn.蒸馏；蒸馏法

Synonymspurification, refining

• Just as distillation purifies water, adversity purifies the human soul.正如蒸馏净化水源，逆境洗练人心。

In this sentence

①divulge sth (to sb)v.泄露；透露（机密或私人信息）

Synonymsreveal, disclose, leak, unveil

句中 technical details（技术细节）作为 divulge 的直接宾语，表示不应向外界泄露、透露秘密或敏感信息。

• If you wish another to keep your secret, do not divulge it to him in the first place.如果你希望别人为你保守秘密，首先就不要把秘密透露给他。— Seneca

②divulge that...v.透露……；泄露说……

Synonymsdisclose, reveal, admit

• True wisdom does not divulge that it knows all, for silence often guards the greatest truths.真正的智慧不会张扬自己无所不知，因为沉默往往守护着最伟大的真理。

In this sentence

①sth dominate sthv.在……中占首要地位；成为……的核心/主导

Synonymspreoccupy, monopolize, overshadow

在本句中，dominate 的宾语是 the conversation（谈话/讨论），表示伊朗问题将成为整场对话最主要、最受关注的核心议题，主导了话题走向。

• Let no thought of failure dominate your mind.绝不要让失败的念头占据你的心神。

②sb/sth dominate (sb/sth)v.控制；统治；主宰

Synonymscontrol, rule, command

• He who cannot obey, cannot command, and he who cannot serve, cannot dominate.不会服从的人无法发号施令，不会服务的人不能主宰一切。— Friedrich Nietzsche

③sth dominate sthv.俯视；耸立于……之上

Synonymstower over, overlook

• The highest peaks dominate the valley, yet they cannot stop the grass from growing below.最高的山峰俯视着山谷，却无法阻止山脚下青草的生长。

①instruct sb to do sthv.指示；吩咐某人做某事

Synonymsdirect, order, command, tell

• Instruct the wise and they will be wiser still; teach the righteous and they will add to their learning.指示智慧人，他就越发有智慧；教导义人，他就增长学问。— Proverbs 9:9

②instruct sb in sthv.教授；传授技能或知识

Synonymsteach, tutor, train, educate

• Instruct him in the virtues of patience, and he will master the storms of life.授人以耐心的美德，他便能驾驭生活的风暴。

③instruct sb that ...v.正式通知；正式告知

Synonymsinform, notify, apprise

• Conscience instructs us that duty transcends personal desire.良知告诫我们，责任高于个人的欲望。